Server 2003
Session Objectives
- Comparing DNS and NetBIOS
- Name Resolution procedures
- Circumstances under which DNS is used
- Requirement of NetBIOS
Comparing DNS and NetBIOS
DNS is the preferred
naming system in the Windows Server 2003 family and, compared to NetBIOS,
offers superior scalability, security, and compatibility with the Internet.
However, NetBIOS is
still often used as a backup name resolution method, particularly because it
can provide, without configuration, name resolution for computers located on
the same network segment.
In Windows Server
2003 networks, DNS name resolution takes priority over NetBIOS name resolution.
This prioritization is handled by the DNS Client service,which is responsible
for directing name resolution.
The DNS Client
service first attempts name resolution through DNS; if this fails, the DNS
Client service then submits the name to NetBIOS.
NetBIOS works without
installation and configuration.But DNS will not work automatically.
Start->All
programs->Adminitrative tools->DNS installation.
Despite this
similarity, DNS is distinct from NetBIOS in that the DNS namespace is
hierarchical.
Each DNS host name is
merely a part of a full name, known as a fully qualified domain name (FQDN),
that specifies both the host name and its domain. An example of an FQDN
is www.lucernepublishing.com. NetBIOS includes no such hierarchy; as a
result, every NetBIOS name must be unique on the network.
Name Resolution Procedure of DNS & NetBIOS
Within each of the
two general categories of name resolution—DNS and NetBIOS—
Windows Server 2003
networks provide a set of methods to resolve computer names.
For DNS, these name resolution methods include the
following:
■ Name lookup in the local
DNS client cache. Names can be cached from previous
queries or loaded
from the Hosts file found in the
WINDOWS\System32\Drivers\Etc folder.
■ DNS server query.
For NetBIOS name resolution, these methods include the
following:
■ Name lookup in the
local NetBIOS name cache
■ WINS server query
■ Query of local
network through NetBIOS broadcasts
■ Name lookup in the
Lmhosts file, found in the
WINDOWS\System32\Drivers\Etc Folder
DNS (Domain Name System)
DNS offers superior scalability, security, and
compatibility with the Internet. Although DNS requires configuration before it
can function, it is still an essential element in Active Directory domains and
is therefore used in most Windows Server 2003 networks.
NetBIOS
·
NetBIOS
is not actually a naming system but an application programming interface (API),
used in older Microsoft networks, that allows computers to connect and
communicate.
·
Naming
and name resolution are two of the many services NetBIOS offers.
Requirements of DNS
Networks Using Microsoft Windows 2000 or Windows Server
2003 Domains:When
computers are members
of a Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 domains. DNS
must be configured.
Active Directory is tightly integrated with DNS, and DNS is used by
Active Directory as
its locator service.
DNS for Internet or Intranet Access: You must use DNS if
you need to connect to
computers on your
network or the Internet by specifying DNS host names.
To get user friendly
computer name we go for DNS.
Requirements of NetBIOS
- Windows Server 2003 networks support NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NetBT) for backward compatibility with earlier versions of Windows and for compatibility with NetBIOS applications.
- NetBIOS name resolution is required in networks for which DNS has not yet been fully configured.
- NetBIOS name resolution is also necessary for network clients using applications or services that require NetBIOS name resolution.
Q. compare and
contrast between NetBIOS names and DNS names.describe the name resolution
procedure for these.
Q. under which
circumstances do you require DNS in your network? Also determine the cases where NetBIOS will be required?
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